Haplo-insufficiency: a driving force in cancer

Haplo-insufficiency of BRCA1 in sporadic breast cancer.

Copy number deletions and loss of heterozygosity of the BRCA1 gene have been frequently reported in sporadic breast cancer. We studied their relationship with BRCA1 gene expression (the haplo-insufficiency hypothesis) with real-time quantitative reverse transcription-PCR. Expression levels of both full-length and BRCA1-Delta 11b splice variant mRNA were studied, and they showed strong correlati...

A driving force.

Paul B. MacCready has a knack for knowing the difference between the impossible and that which is merely extremely difficult. In the late 1980s, MacCready, founder and CEO of AeroVironment, a company that consults on pollution management and wind energy, figured that a battery-powered automobile could be practical , provided the entire machine was optimized for efficiency. It would have to be e...

Cardiomyopathy is associated with ribosomal protein gene haplo-insufficiency in Drosophila melanogaster.

The Minute syndrome in Drosophila melanogaster is characterized by delayed development, poor fertility, and short slender bristles. Many Minute loci correspond to disruptions of genes for cytoplasmic ribosomal proteins, and therefore the phenotype has been attributed to alterations in translational processes. Although protein translation is crucial for all cells in an organism, it is unclear wh...

Corrections for mRNA extraction and sample normalization errors find increased mRNA levels may compensate for cancer haplo-insufficiency

The relative mRNA levels of differentially expressed (DE) and housekeeping (HK) genes of six aneuploid cancer lines with large-scale genomic changes identified by SNP/SKY analysis were compared with similar genes in diploid cells. The aneuploid cancer lines had heterogeneous genomic landscapes with subdiploid, diploid, and supradiploid regions and higher overall gene copy numbers compared with ...

What Is The Driving Force Behind Industrial Development In Iran? Rent Seeking And Labor Exploitation As The Driving Force Of Industrial Growth